There are no two identical cells in the world, just as there are no two identical leaves. While population averages are helpful, they don't always correctly represent the phenotypic of a single cell and can vary significantly. Gene expression levels and protein-protein interactions, for instance, are significantly impacted by the genetic and microfluidic epigenetic modifications that accumulate within cells. This variability is crucial for physiological processes like immunological response, neural networks, cancer formation and progression, and embryonic development. Microbiologists can investigate a restricted number of non-cultivable bacteria using the single-cell analysis approach. It also makes it possible for researchers studying stem cells to get a thorough grasp of cell differentiation and programming.