An on-grid solar system is designed to work in conjunction with the local electricity grid. This system generates electricity from solar panels and supplies it directly to the household or business, while seamlessly integrating with the utility grid to ensure a constant power supply. During sunny days, when solar panels produce more electricity than needed, the excess power is fed back into the grid, allowing users to earn credits or reduce their electricity bills through net metering. On-grid systems are cost-effective as they eliminate the need for expensive battery storage, making them an attractive option for urban environments like Delhi.

On-grid solar system types

On-grid solar systems can be broadly categorized based on their configuration, application, and scale. Here are the main types:

1. Residential On-Grid Solar Systems: These systems are designed for individual homes and small residential buildings. They typically range from 1 kW to 10 kW in capacity and are installed on rooftops.

2. Commercial On-Grid Solar Systems: Commercial on-grid systems are installed in businesses, office buildings, and industrial facilities. These on-grid solar systems usually have higher capacities, ranging from 10 kW to several megawatts

3. Utility-Scale On-Grid Solar Systems: These large-scale solar farms are connected to the utility for home on-grid solar systems and generate significant amounts of electricity, often in the megawatt range.

4. Hybrid On-Grid Solar Systems: Hybrid systems combine on-grid solar with battery storage. While primarily connected to the grid, they also store excess energy in batteries for use during power outages or at night.

5. Microgrid On-Grid Solar Systems: Microgrid systems integrate on-grid solar with other renewable sources and possibly battery storage, designed to operate independently or in conjunction with the main grid.

How to Install an On-Grid Solar System at Home

Installing an on-grid solar system at home involves several key steps, from planning and selecting components to installation and connection to the grid. Here’s a comprehensive guide:

1. Initial Assessment and Planning: Assess your home’s energy consumption to determine the size of the solar system needed. Evaluate your roof’s orientation, angle, and shading to ensure it receives optimal sunlight.

2. Design and System Sizing: Based on your energy needs and roof space, design a solar system that matches your requirements. Choose high-quality solar panels, an inverter, mounting structures, and other necessary equipment.

3. Procurement: Select panels with high efficiency and durability. Choose an inverter that matches the capacity of your solar panels and can convert DC to AC effectively.

4. Permitting and Approvals: Apply for necessary permits from local authorities Get approval from your electricity provider for grid connection and net metering.

5. Installation: Install the mounting structures securely on the roof. Place the solar panels on these structures, ensuring they are angled correctly to maximize sunlight exposure.

6. Inspection and Commissioning: Have the system inspected by local authorities and the utility company to ensure it meets all safety and regulatory standards.

7. Activation and Monitoring: Once approved, activate the system and start generating electricity. Ensure your net meter is correctly installed and configured to track the electricity fed back to the grid.

Advantages of On-Grid Solar Systems

On-grid solar systems, also known as grid-tied or grid-connected systems, offer numerous benefits for homeowners, businesses, and the environment. Here are some of the key advantages:

1. Cost Savings: On-grid solar systems significantly reduce electricity bills by generating power from the sun. Any excess energy produced can be fed back into the grid, further lowering costs through net metering.

2. Net Metering: Net metering allows homeowners to earn credits for the excess electricity they generate and send back to the grid. These credits can offset the cost of electricity drawn from the grid when solar production is insufficient.

3. Easy Maintenance: Without the need for batteries, on-grid systems are simpler to maintain. The main components — solar panels and inverters — require minimal upkeep.

4. Environmental Benefits: By generating clean, renewable energy, on-grid solar systems help reduce reliance on fossil fuels, lowering greenhouse gas emissions and contributing to a healthier environment.

5. Energy Security: Being connected to the grid ensures a continuous power supply. When solar production is low electricity can still be drawn from the grid.

6. Financial Incentives: Many governments offer subsidies, tax credits, and other financial incentives to encourage the adoption of solar energy, reducing the overall cost of installation.

7. Scalability: On-grid solar systems can be easily expanded to meet growing energy needs. Additional panels can be added to increase capacity without significant changes to the existing setup.

Conclusion — On-grid solar systems offer a practical, cost-effective, and environmentally friendly solution for harnessing solar energy. Their ability to reduce electricity bills, benefit from net metering, and provide reliable power makes them an attractive option for homeowners and businesses. Additionally, the low maintenance requirements and support from government incentives further enhance their appeal. By adopting on-grid solar systems, individuals and organizations can contribute to a sustainable future while enjoying significant economic benefits.